<p><p><strong>References:<br></strong><em>Adam and Brandl (1997)<br>Adam (1997)<br>Adam and Kopf (2000)<br>Adam and Kopf (2004)<br>Brandl and Adam (1997)<br>Hansbo and Pramborg (1980)<br>NCHRP 21-09 (2010)<br>Newman and White (2008)<br>Peterson et al. (2006)<br>Rahman et al. (2008)<br>Thompson and White (2007)<br>Thompson and White (2008)<br>Vennapusa et al. (2009)<br>Vennapusa et al. (2010)<br>White and Thompson (2008)<br>White et al.
<p><p><strong>References:<br></strong><em>Adam and Brandl (1997)<br>Adam (1997)<br>Adam and Kopf (2000)<br>Brandl and Adam (1997)<br>Hansbo and Pramborg (1980)<br>NCHRP 21-09 (2010)<br>Newman and White (2008)<br>Peterson et al. (2006)<br>Rahman et al. (2008)<br>Thompson and White (2007)<br>Thompson and White (2008)<br>Vennapusa et al. (2009)<br>Vennapusa et al. (2010)<br>White and Thompson (2008)<br>White et al.
<p><p><strong>References:<br></strong><em>Hansbo and Pramborg (1980)<br>Hossain et al. (2006)<br>NCHRP 21-09 (2010)<br>Newman and White (2008)<br>Peterson et al. (2006)<br>Rahman et al. (2008)<br>Thompson and White (2007)<br>Thompson and White (2008)<br>Vennapusa et al. (2009)<br>Vennapusa et al. (2010)<br>White and Thompson (2008)<br>White et al.
<p><p><strong>References:<br></strong><em>Christopher et al. (2010)</em></p><p><strong>Method Summary</strong></p><p>Permeability is the ability of a material to conduct water. It is defined as the quantity of fluid flow through a unit area of soil under a unit pressure gradient. Permeability of the subgrade is rarely an issue for pavement design, but may be of interest in terms of dewatering requirements for excavations or installation of interceptor drains to lower groundwater.
<p><p><strong>References:<br></strong><em>White et al. (2007a, 2009a, 2009b)</em></p><p><strong>Method Summary</strong></p><p>Proof rolling is also referred to as heavy test rolling and is a widely used QA technique on earthwork construction projects by many state agencies (e.g, Mn/DOT, ODOT). It is typically performed using a pneumatic wheel roller on a compacted surface and the ruts observed beneath the wheels are measured to assess the support conditions.
Current FHWA Reference(s):
Christopher et al. (2010)Supporting Reference(s):
Holtz (1990)
United States (1992)
Das (2006)
ASTM D698
ASTM D1557
<p><p><strong>References:<br></strong><em>Briaud and Seo (2003)<br>NCHRP 21-09 (2010)<br>Peterson et al. (2006)<br>Rahman et al. (2008),<br>Ryden and Mooney (2007)<br>White et al. (2007a, 2008d, 2009d)</em></p><p><strong>Method Summary</strong></p><p>Soil stiffness gauge (SSG), Briaud compaction device (BCD), and seismic methods fall under this category.
<p><p><strong>References:<br></strong><em>Adam and Brandl (1997)<br>Adam (1997)<br>Adam and Kopf (2000)<br>Anderegg and Kauffmann (2004)<br>Brandl and Adam (1997), Brandl (2001b)<br>Hansbo and Pramborg (1980)<br>Kröber et al. (2001)<br>NCHRP 21-09 (2010)<br>Newman and White (2008)<br>Preisig et al. (2003)<br>Samaras et al. (2001)<br>Tateyama et al. (1995)<br>Thompson and White (2007)<br>Thompson and White (2008)<br>White et al.
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