<p>Reference(s):</p> <p>ACI Committee 506 (1995)</p> <p>ACI Committee 506 (1994)</p> <p>Hanskat (2011)</p> <p>Kutschke et al. (2007)</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>Method Summary</strong></p> <p>The purpose of measuring the compressive strength of concrete used in shotcrete is to ensure that it will withstand the designed load without failure. Test panels are shot before an application is started on the rock slope.

<p>Reference(s):</p> <p>Fishman et al. (2005)</p> <p>Ivanovic et al. (2003)</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>Method Summary</strong></p> <p>The GRANIT method is a non-destructive method of monitoring the load on a rock bolt or tie back used in rock slope reinforcement. This testing system can be employed during construction to assure anchors meet the strength requirements, or near the end of an anchor&rsquo;s service life to determine if it requires replacement.

Reference(s):

Reference(s):
Long (1991)
Neuzil & Tracy (1981)
Wyllie et al. (2009)

<p>Reference(s):</p> <p>ASTM D4380 (2012)</p> <p>Farnsworth et al. (2010)</p> <p>PTI Committee DC35 (2014)</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>Method Summary</strong></p> <p>The mud balance test is a method to find the specific gravity of a slurry. Grout in its fluid state behaves as a slurry and this test method can be used to find the specific gravity of the grout mixture.

Project Summary/Scope:

The Poudre Canyon Tunnel, located on State Highway 14, is a 75ft 2-lane rectangular tunnel.

<p>Reference(s):</p> <p>ASTM D4380 (2012)<br />Farnsworth et al. (2010)<br />PTI Committee DC35 (2014)</p> <p><strong>Method Summary</strong></p> <p>This method measures the bearing capacity of anchors which include tiebacks, rock bolts, and rock dowels. A hydraulic jack is attached to the exposed end of the bolt or cable and a tensile force is applied. Three different tests are conducted via the Pull Test. They are the performance, creep, and proof tests.

Reference(s):

Hoek & Brown (1997)
Li & Stillborg (1999)
Kilic et al. (2002)
Slack (2018)
Wyllie et al. (2009)

Before stabilization techniques can be implemented, the internal strength of the existing rock mass must be found. A variety of techniques are available for determining the strength of a rock mass. The one that will be discussed is the Hoek-Brown Criterion method (Equation 1), which relates principal stresses to each other allowing it to be valid for a wide range of scenarios.

Reference(s):

Black (2018)
WSDOT (2010)
Wyllie et al. (2009)