<p><p><strong>Current FHWA Reference(s):<br></strong><em>Holtz et al. (2008)</em><strong>Supporting Reference(s):<br></strong><em>Barenberg et al. (1975)<br>Steward et al. (1977)<br>Barenberg et al. (1980)<br>Giroud and Noiray (1981)<br>Tingle and Webster (2003)<br>Giroud and Han (2004a, b)</em></p><p>The method uses different bearing capacity factors for unpaved road applications with or without geosynthetics. The Barenberg et al.
<p><p><strong>Current FHWA Reference(s):<br></strong><em>Holtz et al. (2008)</em><strong>Supporting Reference(s):<br></strong><em>Steward et al. (1977)<br>Giroud and Han (2004)</em></p><p>This FHWA design manual extends the use of a construction platform design analysis to permanent roadway applications. This method recognizes the additional support provided by the aggregate layer used in the construction platform as determined by either the Stewart et al.
Current FHWA Reference(s):
Holtz et al. (2008)
<p><p><strong>Current FHWA Reference(s):<br></strong><em>Christopher and Holtz (1985)</em><strong>Supporting Reference(s):<br></strong><em>Haliburton and Barron (1983)</em></p><p>Halibuton Associates developed a design method, based on research by the US Air Force and the Nicolon Corporation, emphasizing the benefit of lateral restraint of the aggregate. This method is described in the FHWA Geotextile Engineering Manual (Christopher and Holtz, 1985), referring to a paper by Haliburton and Barron (1983).
<p><p><strong>Current FHWA Reference(s):<br></strong><em>Holtz et al. (2008)</em><strong>Supporting Reference(s):<br></strong><em>Kinney (1979)<br>Barenberg et al. (1980)<br>Giroud and Noiray (1981)<br>Milligan et al. (1989)<br>Burd (1995)</em></p><p>The method considers the behavior of the geosynthetic in a soil-fabric-aggregate system including induced shear and normal stresses and strain energy stored in the geotextile.
<p><p><strong>Reference(s):</strong></p><p><em>Dawson and Little (1990)<br>Fannin and Sigurdsson (1996)<br>Hufenus et al. (2006)<br>Kim et al. (2005)<br>Yong et al.